Translations-Of-Graphs Wjec-Eduqas Higher

Translations of graphs

What are translations of graphs?

• The equation of a graph can be changed in certain ways

  • This has an effect on the graph

    • How a graph changes is called a graph transformation

• A translation is a type of graph transformation that shifts (moves) a graph (up or down, left or right) in the xy plane

  • The shape, size, and orientation of the graph remain unchanged

• A particular translation is specified by a translation vector

How do I translate graphs?

• Let be the equation of the original graph

Vertical translations: y=f(x) + a

• is a vertical translation by the vector <img alt=”open parentheses table row 0 row a end table close parentheses” data-mathml='<math ><semantics><mfenced><mtable><mtr><mtd><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></mfenced><annotation encoding=”application/vnd.wiris.mtweb-params+json”>{“language”:”en”,”fontFamily”:”Times New Roman”,”fontSize”:”18″}</annotation></semantics></math>’ height=”54″ role=”math” src=”data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20xmlns%3Awrs%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiris.com%2Fxml%2Fmathml-extension%22%20height%3D%2254%22%20width%3D%2232%22%20wrs%3Abaseline%3D%2233%22%3E%3C!–MathML%3A%20%3Cmath%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmfenced%3E%3Cmtable%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3Cmtr%3E%3Cmtd%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmtd%3E%3C%2Fmtr%3E%3C%2Fmtable%3E%3C%2Fmfenced%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E–%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3Cstyle%20type%3D%22text%2Fcss%22%3E%40font-face%7Bfont-family%3A’brack_sm2882ad605b1e27be87c7468’%3Bsrc%3Aurl(data%3Afont%2Ftruetype%3Bcharset%3Dutf-8%3Bbase64%2CAAEAAAAMAIAAAwBAT1MvMi7PH4UAAADMAAAATmNtYXA3kjw6AAABHAAAADxjdnQgAQYDiAAAAVgAAAASZ2x5ZkyYQ7YAAAFsAAAAkWhlYWQLyR8fAAACAAAAADZoaGVhAq0XCAAAAjgAAAAkaG10eDEjA%2FUAAAJcAAAADGxvY2EAAEKZAAACaAAAABBtYXhwBJsEcQAAAngAAAAgbmFtZW7QvZAAAAKYAAAB5XBvc3QArQBVAAAEgAAAACBwcmVwu5WEAAAABKAAAAAHAAACDAGQAAUAAAQABAAAAAAABAAEAAAAAAAAAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAgICAAAAAg9AMD%2FP%2F8AAABVAABAAAAAAACAAEAAQAAABQAAwABAAAAFAAEACgAAAAGAAQAAQACI5wjn%2F%2F%2FAAAjnCOf%2F%2F%2FcZdxjAAEAAAAAAAAAAAFUAFQBAAArAIwAgACoAAcAAAACAAAAAADVAQEAAwAHAAAxMxEjFyM1M9XVq4CAAQHWqwABAAAAAABVAVgAAwAfGAGwAy%2BwADyxAgL1sAE8ALEDAD%2BwAjx8sQAG9bABPBEzESNVVQFY%2FqgAAQDXAAABLAFUAAMAIBgBsAUvsAE8sAI8sQAC9bADPACwAy%2BwAjyxAAH1sAE8EzMRI9dVVQFU%2FqwAAAAAAQAAAAEAAIsesexfDzz1AAMEAP%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FVre5k%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F9Wt7mT%2FgP%2F%2FAdYBWAAAAAoAAgABAAAAAAABAAABVP%2F%2FAAAXcP%2BA%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%2F8AAo2FAA%3D%3D)format(‘truetype’)%3Bfont-weight%3Anormal%3Bfont-style%3Anormal%3B%7D%40font-face%7Bfont-family%3A’bracketse552f5417ff4680c6b50499’%3Bsrc%3Aurl(data%3Afont%2Ftruetype%3Bcharset%3Dutf-8%3Bbase64%2CAAEAAAAMAIAAAwBAT1MvMi7RIisAAADMAAAATmNtYXBi7uzYAAABHAAAAExjdnQgBAkDLgAAAWgAAAASZ2x5Zo64f%2BkAAAF8AAABSWhlYWQLniGcAAACyAAAADZoaGVhBK4XLAAAAwAAAAAkaG10eCWq%2F90AAAMkA