Computer Science AS OCR
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1-1-structure-and-function-of-the-processor as5 主题
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1-2-types-of-processor as3 主题
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1-3-input-output-and-storage as2 主题
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2-1-systems-software as8 主题
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2-3-software-development as5 主题
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2-4-types-of-programming-language as4 主题
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3-1-compression-encryption-and-hashing as3 主题
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3-2-databases as3 主题
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3-3-networks as8 主题
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3-4-web-technologies as13 主题
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html as
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css as
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css-styling as
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javascript as
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variables-and-constants-in-javascript as
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outputs-in-javascript as
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selection-in-javascript- as
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for-loops-in-javascript- as
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while-loops-in-javascript- as
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strings-in-javascript- as
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operators-in-javascript- as
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nested-statements-in-javascript as
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functions-and-procedures-in-javascript as
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html as
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4-1-data-types as8 主题
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4-2-data-structures as4 主题
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4-3-boolean-algebra as1 主题
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5-1-computing-related-legislation as4 主题
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5-2-moral-and-ethical-issues as9 主题
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6-1-thinking-abstractly as3 主题
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6-2-thinking-ahead as1 主题
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6-3-thinking-procedurally as3 主题
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6-4-thinking-logically as2 主题
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6-5-thinking-concurrently as2 主题
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7-1-programming-techniques as9 主题
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8-1-standard-algorithms-and-big-o-notation as8 主题
environmental-effects- as
Exam code:H046
Environmental Effects
What are environmental effects of computers?
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The environmental effects of computers, including their disposal and energy use, have far-reaching moral, social, ethical, and cultural implications
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As technology becomes an integral part of modern life, addressing these implications is essential to ensure responsible and sustainable use of computers
E-waste
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Electronic waste, or e-waste, refers to discarded electronic or electrical devices
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Improper disposal of these devices can lead to serious environmental and health problems due to the toxic elements they contain, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium
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Here are some steps for proper e-waste disposal:
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Reduce and Reuse: The initial step in e-waste management involves reducing the consumption of electronic goods and reusing devices as much as possible. This could mean repairing a device instead of replacing it or selling or donating devices that are still functional but no longer needed
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Recycle: If an electronic device can’t be reused, the next best option is recycling. Many electronic devices contain valuable materials that can be recovered and used to manufacture new products
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E-Waste Recycling Programs: Many manufacturers and retailers offer take-back programs where old electronics can be dropped off for recycling. Some cities also have e-waste collection events or facilities where old electronics can be brought
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Disposal at Designated Facilities: If recycling is not an option, e-waste should be disposed of at designated facilities. These facilities are equipped to handle and dispose of these materials safely without causing harm to the environment
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Follow Local Regulations: Different regions have different regulations for e-waste disposal. It’s essential to follow these local regulations to ensure e-waste is disposed of legally and responsibly
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Data Security: Before disposing of or recycling any device, all personal data should be erased to protect privacy
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Moral implications
Environmental responsibility
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Embracing environmentally responsible practices, such as proper e-waste disposal and energy-efficient usage, is a moral duty to protect the planet for future generations
Social justice
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The impact of computer-related environmental effects is not evenly distributed across society
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Lower-income communities may bear a disproportionate burden of e-waste pollution and energy-related environmental issues
Social implications
Environmental equity
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Environmental equity is the fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens among different social groups and communities
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It is a concept that seeks to ensure that all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic status, race, or cultural background, have equal access to a healthy and sustainable environment
Digital divide
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The digital divide refers to the unequal distribution of access to technology and the Internet among different communities, regions, and socioeconomic groups
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It represents a significant disparity in the availability and utilisation of digital resources, creating barriers to information, education, and economic opportunities
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The digital divide encompasses access to physical technology and the ability to use digital tools effectively
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Unequal distribution of access to energy-efficient technologies and recycling facilities can worsen social disparities, which is known as the digital divide
Ethical implications
Sustainability & stewardship
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Being ethical requires people to be responsible stewards of the environment and to adopt sustainable practices
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This includes reducing e-waste and minimising energy consumption
Transparency & accountability
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Ethical use of computers requires transparency in the environmental impact of technology and holding organisations accountable for their environmental practices
Environmental justice
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Ethical concerns arise when specific communities or cultures suffer disproportionately from the negative environmental effects of computer-related activities
Cultural implications
Cultural values & sustainability
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Cultures prioritising environmental preservation and sustainability may be at odds with practices that contribute to e-waste and energy-intensive computing
Digitalisation & cultural identity
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The increasing digitalisation of cultural artefacts and practices may raise questions about preserving cultural identity and heritage
Responses