Computer Science AS OCR
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1-1-structure-and-function-of-the-processor as5 主题
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1-2-types-of-processor as3 主题
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1-3-input-output-and-storage as2 主题
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2-1-systems-software as8 主题
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2-3-software-development as5 主题
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2-4-types-of-programming-language as4 主题
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3-1-compression-encryption-and-hashing as3 主题
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3-2-databases as3 主题
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3-3-networks as8 主题
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3-4-web-technologies as13 主题
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html as
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css as
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css-styling as
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javascript as
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variables-and-constants-in-javascript as
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outputs-in-javascript as
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selection-in-javascript- as
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for-loops-in-javascript- as
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while-loops-in-javascript- as
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strings-in-javascript- as
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operators-in-javascript- as
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nested-statements-in-javascript as
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functions-and-procedures-in-javascript as
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html as
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4-1-data-types as8 主题
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4-2-data-structures as4 主题
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4-3-boolean-algebra as1 主题
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5-1-computing-related-legislation as4 主题
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5-2-moral-and-ethical-issues as9 主题
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6-1-thinking-abstractly as3 主题
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6-2-thinking-ahead as1 主题
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6-3-thinking-procedurally as3 主题
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6-4-thinking-logically as2 主题
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6-5-thinking-concurrently as2 主题
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7-1-programming-techniques as9 主题
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8-1-standard-algorithms-and-big-o-notation as8 主题
networks as
Exam code:H046
Networks
What is a network?
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Networks are a set of interconnected devices (such as computers, printers, and servers) designed to:
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share resources
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exchange data
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communicate with each other
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The main purposes of a network is to enable data and resource sharing, communication, and collaboration
Purpose & importance of protocols
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Network protocols define the rules and formats that devices must follow to communicate with each other over the network
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They ensure successful and secure data transmission, and help maintain order and efficiency in communications
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Examples of protocols include HTTP, FTP, TCP/IP, and SMTP, among others
Understanding the term “standard”
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A standard in a network or any data transfer situation refers to a set of guidelines or frameworks that govern how a task should be performed or how a product should function
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Standards ensure compatibility, interoperability, and consistency across different devices and software
Purpose & need for standards in a network
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Standards enable different network devices, regardless of their manufacturer or model, to work together seamlessly
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They ensure that data can be correctly interpreted and processed by the receiving device, regardless of where or how it was sent
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Standards support network expansion and the integration of new technologies without disrupting existing operations
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They foster innovation and competition by providing a common ground for all manufacturers and developers
Common internet protocols
|
Protocol |
Notes |
|---|---|
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HTTP |
Primary protocol for transferring web content (text, images, video) |
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HTTPS |
A version of HTTP, but with encryption for security |
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SMTP |
The standard for sending email messages between servers |
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FTP |
Used for transferring files from one host to another over a network |
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ARP |
Translates IP addresses into MAC (Media Access Control) addresses |
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TCP |
Part of the main suite of protocols used in the Internet Protocol Suite |
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UDP |
A simpler message-based connectionless protocol |
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IP |
Functions mainly by addressing and routing packets of data from the source to the target device |
Worked Example
The internet can be considered an example of a WAN.
The internet uses a set of protocols referred to as the TCP/IP stack. The TCP/IP stack consists of four different layers, each with its own set of protocols.
Explain why protocols are important on a network
2 marks
How to answer this question:
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You need to know what network protocols are and why they are important for network communication:
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They allow us to communicate over a network by ensuring that all communicating parties use the same rules and standards
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Whatever data or signals are sent need to be understood commonly by both the sender and the receiver
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Answer:
Example answer that would get full marks:
Protocols are rules that must be followed to allow communication over a network. They ensure that all devices follow the same rules and standards so that they interpret data and signals in the same way.
Responses