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Biology AS CIE

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  1. 1-cell-structure
    10 主题
  2. 2-biological-molecules
    19 主题
  3. 3-enzymes
    13 主题
  4. 4-cell-membranes-and-transport
    16 主题
  5. 5-the-mitotic-cell-cycle
    8 主题
  6. 6-nucleic-acids-and-protein-synthesis
    9 主题
  7. 7-transport-in-plants
    11 主题
  8. 8-transport-in-mammals
    16 主题
  9. 9-gas-exchange
    6 主题
  10. 10-infectious-diseases
    6 主题
  11. 11-immunity
    10 主题
课 9, 主题 4
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9-1-the-gas-exchange-system AS recognising-tissues

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Exam code:9700

Recognising tissues in the gas exchange system

Cartilage

  • The cartilage in the trachea has a ‘glassy’ appearance due to its translucent protoplasm

  • It contains no nerves or blood vessels

Cartilage micrograph
Photomicrograph of cartilage tissue in the gas exchange system
Electron micrograph of cartilage tissue
Electron micrograph of cartilage tissue in the gas exchange system

Ciliated epithelium

  • Ciliated epithelial cells are distinctive due to their:

    • Narrow cell bodies

    • Hair-like cilia located along the apical layer

  • The cilia are tiny projections which greatly increase the surface area of the cell

Photomicrograph of a ciliated epithelium tissue in the gas exchange system
Photomicrograph of ciliated epithelium tissue in the gas exchange system
Ciliated Epithelium Electron Micrograph
Electron micrograph of ciliated epithelium tissue in the gas exchange system

Goblet cells

  • Goblet cells can be found scattered among the ciliated epithelium of the trachea and bronchi

  • They are distinctive in the epithelium due to their lack of cilia

  • The nucleus is found towards the basal (bottom) layer of the cell, with a large Golgi apparatus and mucus granules found towards the apical layer

Goblet Cell Light Micrograph
Photomicrograph of goblet cells in the gas exchange system
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