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Computer Science AS CIE

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Exam code:9618

Embedded systems

What is an embedded system?

  • An embedded system is a computer system which is used to perform a dedicated function, inside a larger mechanical unit

  • Examples of embedded systems include

    • Heating thermostats

    • Hospital equipment

    • Washing machines

    • Dishwashers

    • Coffee machines

    • Satellite navigation systems

    • Factory equipment

    • Security systems

    • Traffic lights

embedded systems

Benefits and drawbacks of embedded systems

Benefits

Drawbacks

Small and compact – easy to fit into dedicated devices

Limited functionality – only performs specific tasks

Low power consumption – efficient and cost-effective

Hard to upgrade or repair – often built into the device

Fast and reliable – designed for quick, repetitive tasks

Limited memory and processing power

Cheaper to produce – uses minimal hardware

Not flexible – can’t easily be reprogrammed for other tasks

Works in real-time – ideal for time-sensitive operations (e.g. alarms)

May be less secure – limited protection if connected to other systems

Worked Example

A car has several features. One feature is a lane detection system. This system monitors the lines on either side of the lane. If the car gets too close to one line, the system automatically moves the car away from the line.

Explain why the lane detection system is an example of an embedded system. [2]

Answer

  • The lane detection system is built into / integrated into the car [1 mark]

  • The lane detection system only performs one task [1 mark]

  • The lane detection system is not easily changed/updated by the car owner [1 mark]

Responses

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