WEILAI Online Academic assistant
WEILAI Online Academic assistant
Back to 课程

Biology_A-level_Cie

0% Complete
0/0 Steps
  1. 1-1-the-microscope-in-cell-studies
    5 主题
  2. 1-2-cells-as-the-basic-units-of-living-organisms
    5 主题
  3. 2-1-testing-for-biological-molecules
    3 主题
  4. 2-2-carbohydrates-and-lipids
    8 主题
  5. 2-3-proteins
    6 主题
  6. 2-4-water
    2 主题
  7. 3-1-mode-of-action-of-enzymes
    5 主题
  8. 3-2-factors-that-affect-enzyme-action
    8 主题
  9. 4-1-fluid-mosaic-membranes
    4 主题
  10. 4-2-movement-into-and-out-of-cells
    12 主题
  11. 5-1-replication-and-division-of-nuclei-and-cells
    6 主题
  12. 5-2-chromosome-behaviour-in-mitosis
    2 主题
  13. 6-1-structure-of-nucleic-acids-and-replication-of-dna
    4 主题
  14. 6-2-protein-synthesis
    5 主题
  15. 7-1-structure-of-transport-tissues
    4 主题
  16. 7-2-transport-mechanisms
    7 主题
  17. 8-1-the-circulatory-system
    7 主题
  18. 8-2-transport-of-oxygen-and-carbon-dioxide
    5 主题
  19. 8-3-the-heart
    4 主题
  20. 9-1-the-gas-exchange-system
    6 主题
  21. 10-1-infectious-diseases
    3 主题
  22. 10-2-antibiotics
    3 主题
  23. 11-1-the-immune-system
    4 主题
  24. 11-2-antibodies-and-vaccination
    6 主题
  25. 12-1-energy
    5 主题
  26. 12-2-respiration
    11 主题
  27. 13-1-photosynthesis-as-an-energy-transfer-process
    8 主题
  28. 13-2-investigation-of-limiting-factors
    2 主题
  29. 14-1-homeostasis-in-mammals
    8 主题
  30. 14-2-homeostasis-in-plants
    3 主题
  31. 15-1-control-and-coordination-in-mammals
    12 主题
  32. 15-2-control-and-coordination-in-plants
    3 主题
  33. 16-1-passage-of-information-from-parents-to-offspring
    5 主题
  34. 16-2-the-roles-of-genes-in-determining-the-phenotype
    7 主题
  35. 16-3-gene-control
    3 主题
  36. 17-1-variation
    4 主题
  37. 17-2-natural-and-artificial-selection
    7 主题
  38. 17-3-evolution
    2 主题
  39. 18-1-classification
    5 主题
  40. 18-2-biodiversity
    7 主题
  41. 18-3-conservation
    6 主题
  42. 19-1-principles-of-genetic-technology
    11 主题
  43. 19-2-genetic-technology-applied-to-medicine
    4 主题
  44. 19-3-genetically-modified-organisms-in-agriculture
    2 主题
  45. 1-1-the-microscope-in-cell-studies
  46. 1-2-cells-as-the-basic-units-of-living-organisms
  47. 2-1-testing-for-biological-molecules
  48. 2-2-carbohydrates-and-lipids
  49. 2-3-proteins
  50. 2-4-water
  51. 3-1-mode-of-action-of-enzymes
  52. 3-2-factors-that-affect-enzyme-action
  53. 4-1-fluid-mosaic-membranes
  54. 4-2-movement-into-and-out-of-cells
  55. 5-1-replication-and-division-of-nuclei-and-cells
  56. 5-2-chromosome-behaviour-in-mitosis
  57. 6-1-structure-of-nucleic-acids-and-replication-of-dna
  58. 6-2-protein-synthesis
  59. 7-1-structure-of-transport-tissues
  60. 7-2-transport-mechanisms
  61. 8-1-the-circulatory-system
  62. 8-2-transport-of-oxygen-and-carbon-dioxide
  63. 8-3-the-heart
  64. 9-1-the-gas-exchange-system
  65. 10-1-infectious-diseases
  66. 10-2-antibiotics
  67. 11-1-the-immune-system
  68. 11-2-antibodies-and-vaccination
课 Progress
0% Complete

Role of IUCN & CITES in conservation

  • International cooperation is essential if conservation is to be successful

  • There are several agreements and authorities that exist within and between countries with the aim of protecting and conserving species worldwide

IUCN

  • The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is described as “The global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it”

  • One of the duties that the IUCN carries out is assessing the conservation status of animal and plant species around the world

    • The IUCN has its own classification system

    • There are several different categories and levels that a species can fall into depending on their population numbers and the threats and risks to those populations

    • Scientists use data and modelling to estimate which category each species should be in

  • Animals that are on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ can be seen online as this list is made public

Flowchart of IUCN species assessment: All species split into 'Assessed' and 'Not Assessed'. Assessed divides into 'Sufficient' or 'Insufficient Data', leading to threat levels.
The IUCN classification system of species—scientists are continually updating and reviewing the conservation status of species

CITES

  • The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) is a global agreement that has been signed by over 150 countries

  • Its aim is to control the trade of endangered species and their associated products

    • For example, elephants and their ivory tusks

  • CITES categorises endangered and vulnerable species into three appendices:

    • Appendix I : species that are endangered and face the greatest risk of extinction (for example, the red panda)

    • Appendix II: species that are not currently endangered or facing extinction, but will be unless trade is closely controlled (for example, the venus fly trap)

    • Appendix III: species included at request of the country that is regulating trade of the species and trying to prevent its overexploitation (for example, the two-toed sloth in Costa Rica)

  • There are different trading regulations that apply to each appendix:

    • For species in appendix I: all trade in the species and their associated products is banned

    • For species in appendix II: trade is only granted if an export permit has been issued by the involved countries

    • For species in appendix III: permits are required for regulated trade. Permits are easier to come by for species in this appendix

  • Scientists are continuously adding new species and reviewing the status of species already in the database

  • There are several concerns about the efficacy of CITES listings

    • When the trade of a certain endangered species becomes illegal, its price increases

    • The increased economic value of the species can be a major incentive for people to break the law